How do Newton's law apply to the physical world?
1.)PROFICIENCY #1
#2 and #3
Problem: How will the mass of a moving toy car affect its speed when hit by a stationary toy car?
Hypothesis: I think that the greater the the mass of the toy car the less its speed will be affected by the other car. I think this because it will have more momentum going forward and it will have more power to keep going.
Materials-
3 Toy cars (all getting bigger)
1 Ramp
1 Timer
1 Ruler
Procedure-
1. Gather all materials
2. Measure out the distance
3. Let the first car down the ramp
4. Time the car until it hits the other car and gets to end
5. Record the speed
6. Do steps 2-5 with the other sized toy cars
7. Record all results
8. Conclude
9. Clean up
Variables-
CV- person pushing car, scale, tape measure, toy cars, timer, person timing
IV- weight of the car
DV- how will the mass of the car affect its speed when acted upon by and outside force?
Control- Stationary Car
Observations:
I noticed that the bigger and more heavy the car the much easier that it pounded through the other stationary car. Another thing that I noticed was that the lighter the car not only the harder it was to get through the other car but the easier it would turn by itself and go another way.
Conclusion- From my experiment I have found that the sandpaper actually lit the flame faster than the flame; concluding that I was wrong in my experiment. I believe that this happened because I was able to strike the match faster than the flame was able to heat the match and for the match to stabilize.
2.)PROFICIENCY #2-
Problem: How long will it take me to push a chair a foot compared to a couch a foot?
Hypothesis: I believe that I will be able to push the chair much faster than the couch because the couch weighs much more than the chair.
Materials:
- couch
- chairer
- labtop
Procedure-
1. Gather all materials.
2. Place chair on carpet.
3. Place ruler next to chair's front leg.
4. Start timer when pushing begins.
5. Stop timer when the chair passes the end of the ruler.
6. Record data.
7. Repeat 3 times.
8. Place ruler in line with the front of the front leg of the couch.
9. Start timer
10. Stop timer when couch's front leg reaches the end of the ruler.
11. Record data.
12. Repeat steps 8-11 3 times.
Variables:
CV- distance pushed, person pushing, surface objects are on, timing system/timer
IV- time taken to push objects
DV- stationary objects
Observation-
Conclusion- From the final results of the experiment I've found that I was correct in saying that the couch would take longer to move. This happened because the couch has much more mass and weight than the chair making the chair a lot easier to move in a faster period of time.
3.)PROFICIENCY #3-
Problem:Which ball will role further after being struck by rolling car, ping-pong ball or bouny ball?
Hypothesis: I think that the bouny ball will role the furtherest because it is the perfect size and weight to role the furthest.
Materials:
- Toy car
- Ramp
- ping-pong ball
- bouncy ball
- labtop
Procedure:
1.) Gather Materials.
2.) Place toy car at the top of the ramp.
3.) Place ping-pong 1 foot away from end of ramp.
4.) Push the toy car down ramp.
5.) Measure how far the ping-pong ball roles.
6.) Record data.
7.) Repeat steps 1-6 two times.
8.) Repeat steps 1-7 with bouncy ball.
Variables:
CV- angle of ramp, toy car, distance ball is placed from ramp, same force to push car
IV- Distance ball is moved
DV- Ball sitting still
Observation-
2.)PROFICIENCY #2-
Problem: How long will it take me to push a chair a foot compared to a couch a foot?
Hypothesis: I believe that I will be able to push the chair much faster than the couch because the couch weighs much more than the chair.
Materials:
- couch
- chairer
- labtop
Procedure-
1. Gather all materials.
2. Place chair on carpet.
3. Place ruler next to chair's front leg.
4. Start timer when pushing begins.
5. Stop timer when the chair passes the end of the ruler.
6. Record data.
7. Repeat 3 times.
8. Place ruler in line with the front of the front leg of the couch.
9. Start timer
10. Stop timer when couch's front leg reaches the end of the ruler.
11. Record data.
12. Repeat steps 8-11 3 times.
Variables:
CV- distance pushed, person pushing, surface objects are on, timing system/timer
IV- time taken to push objects
DV- stationary objects
Observation-
Conclusion- From the final results of the experiment I've found that I was correct in saying that the couch would take longer to move. This happened because the couch has much more mass and weight than the chair making the chair a lot easier to move in a faster period of time.
3.)PROFICIENCY #3-
Problem:Which ball will role further after being struck by rolling car, ping-pong ball or bouny ball?
Hypothesis: I think that the bouny ball will role the furtherest because it is the perfect size and weight to role the furthest.
Materials:
- Toy car
- Ramp
- ping-pong ball
- bouncy ball
- labtop
Procedure:
1.) Gather Materials.
2.) Place toy car at the top of the ramp.
3.) Place ping-pong 1 foot away from end of ramp.
4.) Push the toy car down ramp.
5.) Measure how far the ping-pong ball roles.
6.) Record data.
7.) Repeat steps 1-6 two times.
8.) Repeat steps 1-7 with bouncy ball.
Variables:
CV- angle of ramp, toy car, distance ball is placed from ramp, same force to push car
IV- Distance ball is moved
DV- Ball sitting still
Observation-
Conclusion- From the results I was able to come up with I was wrong in my hypothesis that the bouncy ball would go the furthest. My fault was not remebering that the bouncy ball had more mass than the ping-pong ball, making it harder to move.
PROFICIENCY #4
Our Rube Goldberg will start off at the top of the stairs with a pool ball. It will role down the stairs and travel across the floor. It will then reach a first class lever; tee-tor-toter. When the marble reaches the other side it will push a domino over creating a chain reaction. This will then push a toy car which will then push a light switch and flip on the light
Proficiency #5
I am going to write my essay on Nuclear energy.
Nuclear Energy-
Nuclear energy is one of many ways The U.S. could create power. As you will see from this essay nuclear energy is unstable but very useful when controlled properly. It is used around the world powering vehicles, buildings, and many other large pieces equipment. In the following paragraphs you will see some of the many ways Nuclear energy can be used to power the world.
The sun and stars are seemingly inexhaustible forms of energy. This energy is the result of nuclear reactions, in which matter is transformed into energy. We have found a way to harness this energy and create power. As of right now that same power is powering keeping a star burning is powering around 16% of the worlds electricity. Scientists are working like crazy to find fusion reactors which have the potential to create more energy, with less disadvantages.
PROFICIENCY #4
Our Rube Goldberg will start off at the top of the stairs with a pool ball. It will role down the stairs and travel across the floor. It will then reach a first class lever; tee-tor-toter. When the marble reaches the other side it will push a domino over creating a chain reaction. This will then push a toy car which will then push a light switch and flip on the light
Proficiency #5
I am going to write my essay on Nuclear energy.
Nuclear Energy-
Nuclear energy is one of many ways The U.S. could create power. As you will see from this essay nuclear energy is unstable but very useful when controlled properly. It is used around the world powering vehicles, buildings, and many other large pieces equipment. In the following paragraphs you will see some of the many ways Nuclear energy can be used to power the world.
The sun and stars are seemingly inexhaustible forms of energy. This energy is the result of nuclear reactions, in which matter is transformed into energy. We have found a way to harness this energy and create power. As of right now that same power is powering keeping a star burning is powering around 16% of the worlds electricity. Scientists are working like crazy to find fusion reactors which have the potential to create more energy, with less disadvantages.
Nuclear energy can also be used in highly destructive weapons; nuclear fission is used in weapons such as the atomic or atom bomb; fission is when an atom is split in two. Fusion on the other hand is used in the hydrogen bomb; fusion is when two atoms are molded together. Since nuclear bombs were made illegal to use at war scientists started to find better, more efficient ways to use nuclear energy. For example, nuclear energy is used to power most of our Navy's submarines and ships. Being powered by nuclear energy allows these large vehicles to travel far distances without having to refuel. The U.S.S. Texas, a destroyer vessel currently being used by the Navy, is run off of Nuclear power and hasn't refueled since it was constructed.
The science of atomic radiation, atomic change, and nuclear fission was developed between 1895 and 1945, much of it in the last six of those years. Over the period of time most of the experimenting was focused towards atomic bombs searching for a way to end WWII as soon as possible; as you can see from how WWII ended, we beat them to it. After WWII countries wanted to control nuclear energy for non-destructive purposes. In 1956 a group of scientists discovered how to use nuclear energy to safely power homes and businesses, using a nuclear power plant. Some people praise this technology because of low cost, low emission and an alternate to fossil fuel. While some others stress the negatives of nuclear waist and accidents such as Three Mile Island and Chernobyl.
There are many ways to use nuclear energy that we have discovered and used to our advantage; maybe there's more out there we haven't discovered. Whatever the case is Nuclear energy is a very efficient way to power the world and all it contains.
Conclusion:
I wanted to see how the mass of a toy car would affect its speed when acted upon by another stationary car. My hypothesis was that the car with the most weight was going to get through the stationary car the fastest and easiest. After doin g the experiments my hypothesis was supported by the data that I collected. The car with the most weight was was at an average of 10 i/s/s faster than all of the other toy cars. Doing some research I found out that the momentum of a bigger car with more weight can carry through more things because a toy car carries its mass closer to the axis, so it has a smaller ratio of moment of inertia to mass, so it rolls faster.
How I eliminated variables are the following...I made sure that the train hit the center of the other car by having a railing so that it never went outside or or miss the car itself. I also made sure that I dropped the car at the right place on the ramp using a marking. I also did that for finding where to stop the watch by putting a piece of tape there. Also were to set the toy car for to do the experiment
#2
Problem: Will I be able to move a 40lb weight faster than a 10lb weight or a 15 lb weigt across a yard of tile floor?
Hypothesis: I think that I will be able to the 10 pound weight faster than the 40 pound weight; I think this because it's simply just lighter. It's like if I wanted to push a real car or a toy car, obviously I would be able to push the toy car faster because it has less mass and less weight.
Materials-
1 40lb weight
1 10lb weight
1 yard stick
1 timer
Procedure-
1. Gather all materials
2. Measure out 1 yard of concrete driveway
3. Begin timer and push 10lb weight across the yard
4. Record your results
5. Repeat this 3 times
6. Do steps 2-5 with the 15 and 40lb weight 3 times
7. Record all results
8. Conclude
9. Clean up
Variables:
CV- Same timer, person timing, weights, yard stick, person pushing,distance
IV- Weight
DV- Which weight will I be able to push faster?
Control- 1 yard
Observations:
One thing that I obviously noticed was that it got easier to push the weights as the weight went down. Yet, the results only differed by around .1 at a time which was surprising. I thought that the times would dramatically rather than by a little bit.
Conclusion:
I wanted to see weather I could push a 10, 15, or 40 the fastest. My hypothesis was supported by my data that I collected. On average as the weight decreased in size the time became .1 faster. Logically I knew this would happen because it is easier to push something that is more light weight than not. Also after going into some research I found a few other reasons as well. First off it's like I said in my hypothesis, if I wanted to push a real car and a toy car, the faster thing that I would push is the toy car. The reason is, is because it has less mass and weight, therefore making it overall easier than if it were the other way around.
The way that I reduced external variables is the following... First off I made sure that the surface I was pushing on was completely smooth and had nothing on it or in the way of the weight. I also double checked with another measuring tape that I had exactly one yard of tile floor. I ended up doing this experiment inside and therefore I did not have to worry about to much outside variable of things that could happen. Lastly I also always made sure that the weights all were in the same start position and the ended the same way to.
WRITE UP-
Problem: Will the match light faster on a sandpaper or fire?
Hypothesis: I believe that the match will light faster on the fire because it's already hot enough to light anything.
Materials:
- matches
- sandpaper
- candle
- timer
- labtop
Procedure-
1. Gather all materials.
2. Take match and strike on the side of the match box.
3. Measure how long the mark is from the match rubbing against the surface.
4. Record data.
5. Take another match of the same brand.
6. Strike it on sandpaper.
7. Measure the mark.
8. Record data.
9. Repeat procedure 3 times to quantify your results.
Variables-
CV- type of match, type of surfaces, same location
IV- How fast the match lights
DV- The lighter on the side of the box
Observation-
